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Is that power contract normal?
A utility offers a data center a contract term, a minimum bill, collateral and an exit fee. Here is what the large-load tariffs we track actually state, so you can see whether an offer is typical, or an outlier worth negotiating. Based on 18 of 107 tracked records that state at least one term as a number from a filing or order. Records that do not state a term are left out of that term's numbers, never guessed.
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What the tariffs state
| Term | Lowest | 25th pct | Median | 75th pct | Highest | Tariffs stating it |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Contract term years | 8 | 12 | 13 | 15 | 20 | 18 of 18 |
| Ramp-up period (up to) years | 4 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 11 of 18 |
| Minimum bill (take-or-pay) % of contract capacity | 70 | 80 | 80 | 80 | 100 | 18 of 18 |
| Collateral months of minimum bills | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 36 | 6 of 18 |
| Exit fee years of minimum bills | 3 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 3 of 18 |
| Notice to reduce or end months | 24 | 24 | 42 | 60 | 60 | 9 of 18 |
Who is behind each number
Contract term: all 18 values
- AEP Ohio: 8 years
- PPL Electric Utilities (Pennsylvania), Rate Schedule LP-6 large load / data center: 10 years
- Duke Energy Carolinas and Duke Energy Progress (North Carolina), proposed Large Load Tariff settlement: 10 yearspending
- Colorado Springs Utilities (Colorado), Schedule ELL Industrial Service - Large Load: 10 years
- Indiana Michigan Power (AEP): 12 years
- Evergy Kansas Central / Evergy Kansas South (Schedule LLPS): 12 years
- Evergy Metro / Evergy Missouri West (Large Load Power Service, LLPS): 12 years
- Union Electric Company d/b/a Ameren Missouri (Large Load Rate Plan): 12 years
- Appalachian Power and Wheeling Power (West Virginia), Schedules LCP and IP large load terms: 12 years
- Virginia Electric and Power Co. (Dominion Energy Virginia), GS-5 rate class: 14 years
- Appalachian Power Company (Virginia), Schedule L.P.S. large load terms: 14 years
- Consumers Energy (Rate GPD large-load / data center provision): 15 years
- Kentucky Utilities (Rate EHLF, Extremely High Load Factor Service): 15 years
- Louisville Gas & Electric (Kentucky), Rate EHLF Extremely High Load Factor Service: 15 years
- Florida Power & Light (LLCS-1 Large-Load Contract Service): 20 years
- El Paso Electric (New Mexico), proposed Rate 50 High Load Factor Power Service and Rate 51 Large Load Power Service: 20 yearspending
- Kentucky Power Company, Tariff I.G.S. large load provisions: 20 years
- Duke Energy Florida, proposed Large Load Customer Policy (Florida PSC): 20 yearspending
Ramp-up period (up to): all 11 values
- AEP Ohio: 4 years
- Virginia Electric and Power Co. (Dominion Energy Virginia), GS-5 rate class: 4 years
- El Paso Electric (New Mexico), proposed Rate 50 High Load Factor Power Service and Rate 51 Large Load Power Service: 4 yearspending
- Appalachian Power Company (Virginia), Schedule L.P.S. large load terms: 4 years
- Indiana Michigan Power (AEP): 5 years
- Consumers Energy (Rate GPD large-load / data center provision): 5 years
- Evergy Kansas Central / Evergy Kansas South (Schedule LLPS): 5 years
- Evergy Metro / Evergy Missouri West (Large Load Power Service, LLPS): 5 years
- Union Electric Company d/b/a Ameren Missouri (Large Load Rate Plan): 5 years
- Appalachian Power and Wheeling Power (West Virginia), Schedules LCP and IP large load terms: 5 years
- PPL Electric Utilities (Pennsylvania), Rate Schedule LP-6 large load / data center: 5 years
Minimum bill (take-or-pay): all 18 values
- Florida Power & Light (LLCS-1 Large-Load Contract Service): 70 % of contract capacity
- Duke Energy Carolinas and Duke Energy Progress (North Carolina), proposed Large Load Tariff settlement: 75 % of contract capacitypending
- Indiana Michigan Power (AEP): 80 % of contract capacity
- Consumers Energy (Rate GPD large-load / data center provision): 80 % of contract capacity
- Evergy Kansas Central / Evergy Kansas South (Schedule LLPS): 80 % of contract capacity
- Kentucky Utilities (Rate EHLF, Extremely High Load Factor Service): 80 % of contract capacity
- Evergy Metro / Evergy Missouri West (Large Load Power Service, LLPS): 80 % of contract capacity
- Union Electric Company d/b/a Ameren Missouri (Large Load Rate Plan): 80 % of contract capacity
- Appalachian Power and Wheeling Power (West Virginia), Schedules LCP and IP large load terms: 80 % of contract capacity
- El Paso Electric (New Mexico), proposed Rate 50 High Load Factor Power Service and Rate 51 Large Load Power Service: 80 % of contract capacitypending
- PPL Electric Utilities (Pennsylvania), Rate Schedule LP-6 large load / data center: 80 % of contract capacity
- Appalachian Power Company (Virginia), Schedule L.P.S. large load terms: 80 % of contract capacity
- Duke Energy Florida, proposed Large Load Customer Policy (Florida PSC): 80 % of contract capacitypending
- Louisville Gas & Electric (Kentucky), Rate EHLF Extremely High Load Factor Service: 80 % of contract capacity
- AEP Ohio: 85 % of contract capacity
- Virginia Electric and Power Co. (Dominion Energy Virginia), GS-5 rate class: 85 % of contract capacity
- Kentucky Power Company, Tariff I.G.S. large load provisions: 90 % of contract capacity
- Colorado Springs Utilities (Colorado), Schedule ELL Industrial Service - Large Load: 100 % of contract capacity
Collateral: all 6 values
- Kentucky Utilities (Rate EHLF, Extremely High Load Factor Service): 24 months of minimum bills
- Evergy Metro / Evergy Missouri West (Large Load Power Service, LLPS): 24 months of minimum bills
- Union Electric Company d/b/a Ameren Missouri (Large Load Rate Plan): 24 months of minimum bills
- Kentucky Power Company, Tariff I.G.S. large load provisions: 24 months of minimum bills
- Louisville Gas & Electric (Kentucky), Rate EHLF Extremely High Load Factor Service: 24 months of minimum bills
- Colorado Springs Utilities (Colorado), Schedule ELL Industrial Service - Large Load: 36 months of minimum bills
Exit fee: all 3 values
- AEP Ohio: 3 years of minimum bills
- Duke Energy Florida, proposed Large Load Customer Policy (Florida PSC): 3 years of minimum billspending
- Kentucky Power Company, Tariff I.G.S. large load provisions: 5 years of minimum bills
Notice to reduce or end: all 9 values
- Union Electric Company d/b/a Ameren Missouri (Large Load Rate Plan): 24 months
- Duke Energy Florida, proposed Large Load Customer Policy (Florida PSC): 24 monthspending
- Duke Energy Carolinas and Duke Energy Progress (North Carolina), proposed Large Load Tariff settlement: 24 monthspending
- Appalachian Power and Wheeling Power (West Virginia), Schedules LCP and IP large load terms: 42 months
- Appalachian Power Company (Virginia), Schedule L.P.S. large load terms: 42 months
- Consumers Energy (Rate GPD large-load / data center provision): 48 months
- Kentucky Utilities (Rate EHLF, Extremely High Load Factor Service): 60 months
- Kentucky Power Company, Tariff I.G.S. large load provisions: 60 months
- Louisville Gas & Electric (Kentucky), Rate EHLF Extremely High Load Factor Service: 60 months
Screening information from public filings, not legal advice. The signed agreement controls. Next: estimate the dollars, compare utilities side by side see every utility we cover see the lock-in ranking or read the plain-English glossary.